Hình 1 (Trang bìa)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
IELTS
Writing Task 2 Samples
[Advantage Disadvantage]
Hình 2 (Trang 1)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
Tổng hợp bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng Advantage-Disadvantage
Topic 1: Shopping ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 2
Topic 2: Aging population …………………………………………………………………………………………………… 7
Topic 3: Traditional vs Modern Diets …………………………………………………………………………….. 11
Topic 4: Family ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 16
Topic 5: Housing and Architecture ……………………………………………………………………………….. 20
Topic 6: Food ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. 24
Topic 7: Fossil fuels ………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 28
Topic 8: International travel …………………………………………………………………………………………… 31
Topic 9: Languages …………………………………………………………………………………………………………… 35
Topic 10: Social media …………………………………………………………………………………………………….. 39
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Hình 3 (Trang 3)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
In some countries, small town-centre shops are going out of business because people tend to drive to large out-of-town stores. As a result, people without cars have limited access to out-of-town stores, and it may result in an increase in the use of cars.
Do you think the disadvantages of this change outweigh its advantages? (Đề thi ngày 14/03/2019)
Bài mẫu
In many countries the world over, small shops in city centers cannot compete with large stores that are based on the outskirts; therefore, many of those small businesses are threatened with closure. This leads to a number of consequences, including a rise in car usage in these countries and access to large out-of-town stores becoming limited for those without cars⁽¹⁾. In my view, this change does more harm than good.
Increasing bankruptcies among small town-center shops are an unfortunate situation that puts local people to great inconvenience, with those who are not in possession of a car standing most affected, because they now have to travel to a distant place to shop⁽²⁾. The time used for such journeys could be better spent on other activities that are of greater importance, be it work or entertainment. The situation’s impacts are also far beyond individual levels. It causes a significant loss for the economy of any city where large numbers of such businesses are forced to shut down. This may inflict unexpected damage on the national economy as a whole. The rise in car usage caused by people’s demand for long distance travel is also problematic. Traffic
(Khung từ vựng bên phải):
- To compete with something or somebody: cạnh tranh với cái gì đó, ai đó
- To be threatened with something: bị đe dọa bởi cái gì đó
- A rise in something: sự tăng lên ở cái gì đó
- Increasing bankruptcies among small town-center shops: sự phá sản nhiều của những cửa hàng nhỏ
- To cause a significant loss for the economy of any city: gây ra tổn thất lớn cho nền kinh tế của bất cứ thành phố nào
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Hình 4 (Trang 4)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
congestion will become worse due to the higher number of vehicles on streets. Furthermore, the quantity of pollutants emitted from car engines will rise, which heightens pollution levels in those places and adversely affects human health.
However, this change in people’s shopping preference may encourage them to move to out-of-town areas to live. Given the fact that modern cities are faced with overpopulation and consequently ever-growing pressure on housing supply systems, this could be considered a start of relieving such pressure⁽³⁾.
In conclusion, the trend towards shopping in large stores located away from city centers is having many negative impacts. Although it could encourage some people to move to places where these stores are established and help solving some population problems in modern cities, I doubt that the trend could promise any significant outcome.
(Khung từ vựng bên phải):
- Traffic congestion: tắc đường
- To adversely affect human health: ảnh hưởng tiêu cực tới sức khỏe con người
- To be faced with overpopulation and consequently ever-growing pressure on housing supply systems: đối mặt với quá tải dân số và hậu quả là áp lực đè nặng về vấn đề cung cấp chỗ ở
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Hình 5 (Trang 5)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): This leads to a number of consequences, including a rise in car usage in these countries and access to large out-of-town stores becoming limited for those without cars.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
- Mệnh đề “including a rise in car usage in these countries and access to large out-of-town stores” là mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn bổ sung thông tin cho “a number of consequences”.
- Mệnh đề “becoming limited for those without cars” là mệnh đề quan hệ rút gọn bổ sung thông tin cho “large out-of-town stores”.
- Chủ ngữ “This” trong mệnh đề chính thay thế cho toàn bộ câu đứng trước nó.
- Cấu trúc “a rise in something” nghĩa tăng lên về cái gì đó.
Câu (2): Increasing bankruptcies among small town-center shops are an unfortunate situation that puts local people to great inconvenience, with those who are not in possession of a car standing most affected, because they now have to travel to a distant place to shop.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
- Mệnh đề phụ “that puts local people to great inconvenience” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho “unfortunate situation”.
- Mệnh đề phụ “with those who are not in possession of a car standing most affected” bổ nghĩa cho “local people”.
- Cấu trúc “put somebody to something” mang nghĩa là đặt ai đó vào tình thế/trải nghiệm gì đó.
- Cấu trúc “In possession of something” mang nghĩa là sở hữu cái gì đó.
- Từ nối “because + mệnh đề” đồng nghĩa với “since”, có chức năng đưa ra nguyên nhân.
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Hình 6 (Trang 6)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
Câu (3): Given the fact that modern cities are faced with overpopulation and consequently ever-growing pressure on housing supply systems, this could be considered a start of relieving such pressure.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
- Chủ ngữ “This” trong mệnh đề chính thay thế cho toàn bộ câu đứng trước nó: “this change … to live”.
- “Given (the fact) that” được dùng khi người viết xem xét một sự việc nào đó, thường được dùng làm nguyên nhân cho thông tin được cung cấp phía sau.
- Cấu trúc “to be faced with” mang nghĩa là đang phải đối mặt với điều gì đó.
- Cấu trúc “Somebody/something is considered to be noun/adjective” mang nghĩa là được coi như cái gì/như thế nào đó.
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Hình 7 (Trang 8)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
In the future, it is expected that there will be a higher proportion of older people in some countries. Is this positive or negative development? (Đề thi ngày 23/03/2019)
Bài mẫu
Developments in medical technology and health care systems, among many other factors, are leading to people having longer life expectancy than before. As this trend continues, in the future, we can expect the number of old people will be much greater than that of young people. In several ways, society may benefit from a growing proportion of senior citizens. However, I believe the rest of the world population would have to shoulder much more responsibilities and the global economy would face a serious labor crisis.
On the positive side, an increase in the number of old people means a greater pool of volunteers for community and government projects. These people are usually more financially comfortable and therefore more willing to contribute free labor to ameliorating their communities. For example, we often see old people in developed countries engage in charity work to provide shelter and food for the homeless in their neighborhoods. Such an act also instils a great sense of responsibility and altruism into the young generation. This is, in fact, globally recognized to be advantageous in a world where selfishness hinders one from taking action for the sake of others.
(Khung từ vựng bên phải):
- To have longer life expectancy than before: có tuổi thọ dài hơn trước đó
- Senior citizens: người dân lớn tuổi
- To shoulder much more responsibilities: gánh trên vai nhiều trách nhiệm hơn
- To contribute free labor to ameliorating their communities: đóng góp nhân lực miễn phí cho sự cải thiện cộng đồng
- To engage in charity work: tham gia vào công việc từ thiện
- To instil a great sense of responsibility and altruism into the young generation: truyền bá tinh thần trách nhiệm và lòng vị tha tới thế hệ trẻ
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Hình 8 (Trang 9)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
Nevertheless, aging populations will place the whole world under many pressures. Both governments and businesses will have to pay for increased retirement pensions and health care costs, which means tax-payers will have to bear a greater financial burden and the young workforce will have to work harder and care for the elderly at the same time⁽¹⁾. Furthermore, lack of young labor workforce would cause stagnation for the growth of individual businesses and the global economy as a whole because little innovation may take place in this circumstance⁽²⁾. As a matter of fact, many first world countries whose proportion of senior citizens is higher than that of young people, such as Japan, are already experiencing these undesirable impacts⁽³⁾.
In conclusion, an aging population is beneficial in certain ways. However, the benefits society may reap from an aging population cannot match the damage it inflicts. It is important that the world governments should not underestimate the complexity of this problem and take immediate action to reduce its future influences.
Cấu trúc câu
Câu (1): Both governments and businesses will have to pay for increased retirement pensions and health care costs, which means tax-payers will have to bear a greater financial burden and the young workforce will have to work harder and care for the elderly at the same time.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
(Khung từ vựng bên phải):
- To pay for increased retirement pensions and health care costs: trả khoản lương hưu và các chi phí chăm sóc sức khoẻ cao
- To bear a greater financial burden: chịu gánh nặng tài chính cao hơn
- Stagnation: sự trì trệ
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Hình 9 (Trang 10)
ZIM School of English and Test Preparation
- Mệnh đề “which means […]” là mệnh đề quan hệ bổ nghĩa cho cả mệnh đề chính trước đó.
- Cấu trúc “Both … and …” mang nghĩa là cả hai.
Câu (2): Furthermore, lack of young labor workforce would cause stagnation for the growth of individual businesses and the global economy as a whole because little innovation may take place in this circumstance.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
- Cấu trúc “cause stagnation for (something)” mang nghĩa là dẫn đến sự chững lại/trì trệ cho cái gì đó.
- Cấu trúc “as a whole” mang nghĩa là xét trên tổng thể, nói chung
- Từ nối “because + mệnh đề” đồng nghĩa với since, có chức năng đưa ra nguyên nhân..
- Từ nối “Furthermore” đồng nghĩa với In addition đứng ở đầu câu, dùng để trình bày luận điểm mới.
Câu (3): As a matter of fact, many first world countries whose proportion of senior citizens is higher than that of young people, such as Japan, are already experiencing these undesirable impacts.
- Cấu trúc cần lưu ý:
- Mệnh đề “whose proportion of senior citizens is higher than that of young people” là mệnh đề quan hệ, bổ nghĩa cho danh từ đứng ngay trước nó là “many first world countries”.
- Cấu trúc “such as +noun” đồng nghĩa với noun + noun…, được dùng để đưa ra ví dụ để minh họa, làm rõ cho danh từ chính.
- “As a matter of fact” là một cụm từ được dùng để nhấn mạnh, mang nghĩa là sự thật là (tương tự như “in fact”).
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