Which differences between a Captain and a First Officer?

As usual, the crew of a passenger aircraft will include:

- Captain

- First Officer

- Flight attendant.

However, the number of people in the crew will depend on each airline.

Differences between Captain & First Officer.

- The captain is the most senior member of the crew and at the controls in the flight. He is always sitting on the left side of the cockpit, and also is the person who takes the final responsibility for all matters related to the flight. They include: making decisions, commanding the crew, handling emergency situations or issues related to passengers. Moreover, he also flies for most of the time , of course, at some point the steering can be transferred to the first officer.

The first officer is the co-pilot, sitting on the right side of the cockpit. Like the captain, the first officer has all of the controls and the training qualification. The main reason for having two pilots on each flight is for safety. Obviously, in case the captain faces any issues, the First Officer continues to take command. Besides that, he offers additional comments on flight control decisions to minimize errors related to humanity.

- In some cases, the cockpit will include a second First Officer(Second Officer). Basically, the Second Officer is also trained as a pilot, but on a regular flight, he does not fly the aircraft. His 

responsibility is to track the performance of  instruments on the aircraft and calculate parameters such as optimal take-off and landing speeds, power adjustments and fuel management. With the new generation of aircrafts, computer systems will do most of the mentioned works, so it is unnecessary for Second Officer

All crew members have the same training qualification, but typically they have different levels of seniority. At most airlines, the position  largely depends on the pilot's experience and degree. Normally, pilots will be at the airport 1 hour before take-off (2 hours for international flights). Before launching, pilots are required to know full information about the flight such as: weather conditions, number of passengers and other members of the flight crew, flight attendants.

During takeoff, the pilot reviews this information, makes a flight plan, discusses with the air traffic controller, and meets with other members on the flight. After landing, the captain met the crew who had just landed and asked if there were any abnormalities they encountered in the flight. The  First Officer does a thorough check of the plane to make certain all are well. After a round of inspection, the pilots focused on the cockpit and checked the instruments and control systems.